May help with

• appetite stimulation
• indigestion - Eupeptic
• Antipsychotic - antidepressant - depression - nervous breakdown
• liver tonic

Source : http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Gentian

Reference on http://www.wikiphyto.org

Translation in English by Google Translate  (go to the page of the source linked | on Chrome cellphones go on the 3 dots on the top right and select translate in your preferred language | on laptop right click your mouse and select option translate when hoovering on the page

plant name

yellow gentian

International Latin denomination

Gentiana lutea L.

botanical family

Gentianaceae

Description and habitat

• Beautiful vigorous mountain plant, sometimes 2 m high, with a long fleshy root
• Fistulous stems, glaucous green, broad oval leaves that can reach 30 cm, clasping towards the top, with prominent longitudinal veins
• The flowers are arranged in whorls in the axils of the upper leaves, corolla flared into 5 to 7 lobes of a bright golden yellow
• Risk of confusion before flowering with the Verâtre with alternate leaves whereas those of the Gentian are opposite

History and tradition

• Base of many aperitifs
• Note: gentian violet is a violet dye, a mixture of methyl violets (Paris violet, methyl violet), used mainly in microbiology in Gram staining

Parts used

Racine

Dosage forms available

• Underground Part Tincture
• EPS
• Dry extract
• Fluid extract
• Specialties

Usual dosages

Composition

Main components of the plant

• Secoiridoids  : bitter principles with lactone function  : gentiopicroside ( gentiopicrin ) majority (1 - 3%), swertiamaroside ( swertiamarin ), amarogentioside ( amarogentin ) with the highest bitterness index, amaroswerine , swertiamarin , sweroside
• Iridoids  : loganic acid [1]
• Xanthones  : gentisine , isogentisine , gentioside , mangiferine
• Phytosterols , phenol acids
• Oligosaccharides ( gentiobiose , gentianose , original sugars contributing to bitterness), pectins
• Pyridine alkaloids : gentianine

Main components of buds or young shoots

Main components of essential oil

Properties

Plant properties

• Eupeptic, anti-gastralgic: acts upon ingestion, gentian stimulates secretions and motility of the stomach, but at high doses, it can cause vomiting, anti- Helicobacter pylori in vitro [2]
• Antipyretic
• Antipsychotic (?), antidepressant, gentisin and other xanthones are MAO mono-amine oxidase ( chalcones , 5-hydroxyflavanone ) inhibitors [3] , inhibits the reserpine-induced pain/depression dyad by down-regulating the GluN2B receptors in the amygdala [4]
  • According to Kurt Hostettmann, the activity is especially marked in Gentiana campestris L.
• Analgesic ( gentiopicroside [5]
• Tonic, improves endurance tests in mice [6]
• Vulnerary, anti-inflammatory [7] , fibroblastic action [8]
• Amarogentine and amaroswerine are among the most bitter substances known , since their bitterness index is close to 58,000,000 (the bitterness index is the inverse of the greatest dilution for which the bitterness is still detectable; for comparison, for quinine in hydrochloride form, the index is 200,000)

Bud properties

Properties of essential oil

Indications

Indications of the whole plant (phytotherapy)

• Indigestions
• Digestive disorders
• Nervous breakdown

Indications of the bud (gemmotherapy)

Specific indications of essential oil (aromatherapy)

Known or suspected mode of action

• Bitterness triggers, upon contact with the oral mucosa, a reflex conveyed by the vagus nerve which induces the secretion of digestive juices
• Parasympathomimétique

Usual formulations

Regulations

• French Pharmacopoeia list A (underground part)

Possible side effects and precautions for use

Bibliographic references

1. Go↑ Aberham A, Schwaiger S, Stuppner H, Ganzera M. Quantitative analysis of iridoids, secoiridoids, xanthones and xanthone glycosides in Gentiana lutea L. roots by RP-HPLC and LC-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2007 Nov 5;45(3):437-42. PMID 17697760
2. Go↑ Mahady GB, Pendland SL, Stoia A, Hamill FA, Fabricant D, Dietz BM, Chadwick LR. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to botanical extracts used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Phytother Res. 2005 Nov;19(11):988-91.PMID 16317658
3. Go↑ Haraguchi H, Tanaka Y, Kabbash A, Fujioka T, Ishizu T, Yagi A. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors from Gentiana lutea. Phytochemistry. 2004 Aug;65(15):2255-60. PMID 15587710
4. Go↑ Liu, Sb., Zhao, R., Li, Xs. et al. Attenuation of Reserpine-Induced Pain/Depression Dyad by Gentiopicroside Through Downregulation of GluN2B Receptors in the Amygdala of Mice. Neuromol Med 16, 350–359 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-013-8280-8
5. Go↑ Lei Chen, Jin-cheng Liu, Xiao-nan Zhang, Yan-yan Guo, Zhao-hui Xu, Wei Cao, Xiao-li Sun, Wen-ji Sun, Ming-Gao Zhao. Down-regulation of NR2B receptors partially contributes to analgesic effects of Gentiopicroside in persistent inflammatory pain. Neuropharmacology, 2008 Jun;54(8):1175-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.03.007. PMID 18410946
6. Go↑ Nilgün Öztürk, K Hüsnü Can Başer, Süleyman Aydin, Yusuf Öztürk, Ihsan Çaliş. Effects of Gentiana lutea ssp. symphyandra on the Central Nervous System in Mice. Phytotherapy Research, Volume 16, Issue 7, pages 627–631, November 2002. PMID 12410542
7. Go↑ A. Mathew, A.D. Taranalli, S.S. Torgal. Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Wound Healing Activity of Gentiana lutea Rhizome Extracts in Animals. Informa Healthcare, 2004, Vol. 42, No. 1 , Pages 8-12
8. Go↑ Oztürk N, Korkmaz S, Oztürk Y, Başer KH. Effects of gentiopicroside, sweroside and swertiamarine, secoiridoids from gentian (Gentiana lutea ssp. symphyandra), on cultured chicken embryonic fibroblasts. Planta Med. 2006 Mar;72(4):289-94. PMID 16557467

• Clade Jean-Louis, Jollès Charles. Gentian, the adventure of the yellow fairy. Ed. Cabedita
• Hostettmann K. Gentians: new therapeutic indication? European phytotherapy. 2002, no.11, pp. 5-7
• Hostettmann K, Marston A. St. John's wort and gentian, herbal antidepressants. European phytotherapy. 2004, no.20, pp. 5-7

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep tightly closed, away from the reach of Children and pets.

Do not exceed the daily dose.

This product is not intended to prevent or cure any form of illness or disease.
 

If you are pregnant or nursing ; If you have a medical condition or are in the course of medical treatment ; If you are programmed for theater/operation in the near future, please consult your healthcare practitioner before using this product.

This product cannot replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

This product has not been evaluated by the SAHPRA for its quality, safety or intended use.

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