Mallow is used to help with irritation of the mouth and throat, dry cough, and bronchitis. It is also may help for stomach and bladder complaints.

Source : http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Mauve

Reference on http://www.wikiphyto.org

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plant name

Mallow, Great Mallow, Forest Mallow, Fromageon

International Latin denomination

Malva sylvestris L.

botanical family

Malvaceae

Description and habitat

• Common biennial plant, colonizes embankments and roadsides all over Europe (1 meter high)
• Fleshy taproot
• five-lobed leaves
• Purplish-pink flowers veined with purple, in fascicles at the leaf axils
• Corolla with 5 petals

History and tradition

• The dried fruit mimics a cheese in parts, hence the name Fromageon
• Belongs to the pectoral species: White Bouillon flowers , Poppy , Marshmallow , Mallow , Cat's Foot , Coltsfoot , Violet

Parts used

• Dried flower (root)

Dosage forms available

• Whole plant tincture
• Flowers for herbal teas

Usual dosages

Composition

Main components of the plant

• Mucilage (more than 10%)
• Anthocyanosides and anthocyanidins ( malvin , malvidin , delphinidin )
• Flavonoids : flavone  glycosides , scopoletin , quercetin , malvidin-3-glucoside
• Small amount of tannins

Main components of buds or young shoots

Main components of essential oil

Properties

Plant properties

• Emollient, softening, anti-ulcer [1] , anti - Helicobacter pylori [2]
• Vulnerable [3]
• Demonstrated antitussive activity
• laxative
• Anti-inflammatory [4] , [5]
• Antioxidant [6] , antiradical [7]
• Antibacterial ( Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus agalactiae , Enterococcus faecalis ), antifungal [8]
• Immuno-modulating, activator of macrophages and T helper-1 (Th-1) whereas Alcea rosea L. is a polyclonal activator of B lymphocytes [9]
• Kidney protection ( phenolic compounds ) [10]

Bud properties

Properties of essential oil

Directions

Indications of the whole plant (phytotherapy)

• Spastic colitis
• Cough treatment
• Cracks, chapping, insect bites
• Oral analgesic

Indications of the bud (gemmotherapy)

Specific indications of essential oil (aromatherapy)

Known or suspected mode of action

• The mucilages dissolve more or less and swell on contact with water to form gels or colloidal solutions

Usual formulations

Regulations

• French Pharmacopoeia list A (leaf, flower)
• Activity recognized by the German Commission E

Possible side effects and precautions for use

Bibliographic references

1. Aller↑ Gasparetto JC, Martins CA, Hayashi SS, Otuky MF, Pontarolo R. Ethnobotanical and scientific aspects of Malva sylvestris L.: a millennial herbal medicine. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012 Feb;64(2):172-89. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01383.x. PMID 22221093
2. Aller↑ Cogo LL1, Monteiro CL, Miguel MD, Miguel OG, Cunico MM, Ribeiro ML, de Camargo ER, Kussen GM, Nogueira Kda S, Costa LM. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of plant extracts traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Braz J Microbiol. 2010 Apr;41(2):304-9. doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822010000200007. PMID 24031496
3. Aller↑ Pirbalouti AG, Azizi S, Koohpayeh A, Hamedi B. Wound healing activity of Malva sylvestris and Punica granatum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Acta Pol Pharm. 2010 Sep-Oct;67(5):511-6. PMID 20873419
4. Aller↑ Prudente AS, Loddi AM, Duarte MR, Santos AR, Pochapski MT, Pizzolatti MG, Hayashi SS, Campos FR, Pontarolo R, Santos FA, Cabrini DA, Otuki MF. Pre-clinical anti-inflammatory aspects of a cuisine and medicinal millennial herb: Malva sylvestris L. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Aug;58:324-31. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.042. PMID 23684757
5. Aller↑ Martins CA, Weffort-Santos AM, Gasparetto JC, Trindade AC, Otuki MF, Pontarolo R. Malva sylvestris L. extract suppresses desferrioxamine-induced PGE2 and PGD2 release in differentiated U937 cells: the development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for prostaglandin quantification. Biomed Chromatogr. 2014 Jan 8. doi: 10.1002/bmc.3106. PMID 24403179
6. Aller↑ DellaGreca M, Cutillo F, D'Abrosca B, Fiorentino A, Pacifico S, Zarrelli A. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of Malva sylvestris. Nat Prod Common. 2009 Jul;4(7):893-6. PMID 19731587
7. Aller↑ Samavati V, Manoochehrizade A. Polysaccharide extraction from Malva sylvestris and its anti-oxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol. 2013 Sep;60:427-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.050. PMID 23612362
8. Aller↑ Razavi SM1, Zarrini G, Molavi G, Ghasemi G. Bioactivity of malva sylvestris L., a medicinal plant from Iran. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2011 Nov;14(6):574-9. PMID 23493458
9. Aller↑ El Ghaoui WB, Ghanem EB, Chedid LA, Abdelnoor AM. The effects of Alcea rosea L., Malva sylvestris L. and Salvia libanotica L. water extracts on the production of anti-egg albumin antibodies, interleukin-4, gamma interferon and interleukin-12 in BALB/c mice. Phytother Res. 2008 Dec;22(12):1599-604. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2530. PMID 18688815
10. Aller↑ Marouane W, Soussi A, Murat JC, Bezzine S, El Feki A. The protective effect of Malva sylvestris on rat kidney damaged by vanadium. Lipids Health Dis. 2011 Apr 23;10:65. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-65. PMID 21513564

• Wichtl Max, Anton Robert. Therapeutic plants: Tradition, officinal practice, science and therapy. Ed. Tec & Doc. Cachan. 1999. p. 335

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