May help with

• Headaches
• sleep
• anti-inflammatory
• relaxant
• astringent
• antihistaminic
• antispasmodic

Source : http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Marigold

Reference on http://www.wikiphyto.org

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plant name

garden marigold

International Latin denomination

Calendula officinalis L.

botanical family

Asteraceae

Description and habitat

• Ornamental, aromatic herbaceous plant, native to southern Europe
• Annual or biennial, 30 to 50 cm
• Hairy branching stem
• Broad, lanceolate alternate leaves
• Inflorescences grouped in terminal heads 4 to 7 cm in diameter, composed of numerous orange-yellow ligulate and tubular flowers, which bloom throughout the summer

History and tradition

• The flowers follow the solar curve during the day

Parts used

• flower heads

Dosage forms available

• Mother tincture of flowering tops

Usual dosages

Composition

Main components of the plant

• Essential oil (0.2 - 0.3%) with sesquiterpenes  : major component alpha-cadinol (25%), T-cadinol , alpha-ionones and beta-ionones , dihydroactinidiolide
• Triterpene saponosides (2 - 10%): 6 ABCDEF saponosides
• Flavonoids ( quercetol and isorhamnetol )
• Mucilages , phytosterols , carotenoids , taraxasterol , lupeol , beta-amyrin

Main components of buds or young shoots

Main components of essential oil

Properties

Plant properties

• Anti-inflammatory, both orally [1] and topically [2] , antispasmodic
• Astringent, anti-haemorrhagic, healing [3] , anti-edematous [4]
• Stimulates granulocyte formation and phagocytosis, immunostimulant [5]
• Antiasthmatic activity, antihistamine effect, anticholinergic, antispasmodic, mast cell stabilizer [6]
• Used as a remedy for stomach ailments ( lédol , sesquiterpenes , viridiflorol , α-elemol , β-Eudesmol ) [7]
• Decrease in the epithelization phase of wounds and increase in collagen synthesis, decrease in oxidative stress in the skin ( polyphenols , flavonoids , rutin , narcissin ) [8]
• Fungicide, antibacterial, antiviral
• Cytotoxic and antitumor [9] , [10]
• Antimutagen ( saponosides ) [11]
• Potential anti-HIV effect [12]
• Preventive of radiodermatitis and acute dermatitis after irradiation for breast cancer [13] , a Cochrane literature review confirms the efficacy of topical Calendula for the prophylaxis of dermatitis during radiotherapy [14]

Bud properties

Properties of essential oil

Directions

Indications of the whole plant (phytotherapy)

• Wounds, inflammations of the skin and mucous membranes
• Healing delays, bruises, boils
• Dermatitis, leg ulcers
• Pharyngitis
• stomach ulcers
• Psoriasis (?) internally

Indications of the bud (gemmotherapy)

Specific indications of essential oil (aromatherapy)

Known or suspected mode of action

• Saponosides are believed to defend the plant against microbial and fungal attack, and some are immunostimulants
• Saponosides have both a hydrophilic pole (the sugar chain(s)) and a lipophilic hydrophobic pole (the genin), which confers surfactant properties (foam = aphrogenic power), they are generally hypocholesterolemic, induce the secretion of mucus and thin mucus (by vagal reflex)

Usual formulations

Regulations

• French Pharmacopoeia list A (head, flower)
• Activity recognized by the German Commission E

Possible side effects and precautions for use

• Suspicion of genotoxicity but no mutagenicity [15] , [16]

Bibliographic references

1. Go↑ Preethi KC, Kuttan G, Kuttan R. Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian J Exp Biol. 2009 Feb;47(2):113-20. PMID 19374166
2. Go↑ Della Loggia R, Tubaro A, Sosa S, Becker H, Saar S, Isaac O. The role of triterpenoids in the topical anti-inflammatory activity of Calendula officinalis flowers. PlantaMed. 1994 Dec;60(6):516-20. PMID 7809203
3. Go↑ Matthew J. Leach. Calendula officinalis and Wound Healing: A Systematic Review. Wounds, Aug 01 2008 (8), http://www.woundsresearch.com/article/9064
4. Go↑ Zitterl-Eglseer K, Sosa S, Jurenitsch J, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Della Loggia R, Tubaro A, Bertoldi M, Franz C. Anti-oedematous activities of the main triterpendiol esters of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). J Ethnopharmacol. 1997 Jul;57(2):139-44. PMID 9254116
5. Go↑ Muley BP, Khadabadi SS, Banarase NB. Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A Review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 8, No 5 (2009) https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/48090
6. Go↑ Sagar R, Sahoo HB, Kar B, Mishra NK, Mohapatra R, Sarangi SP. Pharmacological evaluation of calendula officinalis L. on bronchial asthma in various experimental animals. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis [serial online] 2014 [cited 2018 Mar 19];4:95-103. Available from: http://www.ijnpnd.com/text.asp?2014/4/2/95/129595
7. Go↑ D'Ambrosio M, Ciocarlan A, Colombo E, Guerriero A, Pizza C, Sangiovanni E, Dell'Agli M. Structure and cytotoxic activity of sesquiterpene glycoside esters from Calendula officinalis L.: Studies on the conformation of viridiflorol. Phytochemistry. 2015 Sep;117:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.005. PMID 26057223
8. Go↑ Fonseca YM, Catini CD, Vicentini FT, Nomizo A, Gerlach RF, Fonseca MJ. Protective effect of Calendula officinalis extract against UVB-induced oxidative stress in skin: evaluation of reduced glutathione levels and matrix metalloproteinase secretion. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 17;127(3):596-601. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.12.019. PMID 20026397
9. Go↑ Boucaud-Maitre Y, Algernon O, Raynaud J. Cytotoxic and antitumor activity of Calendula officinalis extracts. Pharmazie, 1988, vol. 43, no.3, pp. 220-221 [1]
10. Go↑ Jiménez-Medina E, Garcia-Lora A, Paco L, Algarra I, Collado A, Garrido F. A new extract of the plant Calendula officinalis produces a dual in vitro effect: cytotoxic anti-tumor activity and lymphocyte activation. BMC Cancer. 2006 May 5;6:119. PMID 16677386 full text
11. Go↑ Elias R, De Méo M, Vidal-Ollivier E, Laget M, Balansard G, Dumenil G. Antimutagenic activity of some saponins isolated from Calendula officinalis L., C. arvensis L. and Hedera helix L. Mutagenesis. 1990 Jul;5(4):327-31. PMID 2204784
12. Go↑ Z Kalvachev, R Walder, D Garzaro. Anti-HIV activity of extracts from Calendula officinalis flowers. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 51, Issue 4, April 1997, Pages 176-180. PMID 9207986
13. Go↑ P. Pommier, F. Gomez, MP Sunyach, A. D'Hombres, C. Carrie, X. Montbarbon. Phase III Randomized Trial of Calendula Officinalis Compared With Trolamine for the Prevention of Acute Dermatitis During Irradiation for Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 22, No 8 (April 15), 2004: p. 1447-1453. PMID 15084618 , full text [2]
14. Go↑ Kassab S, Cummings M, Berkovitz S, van Haselen R, Fisher P. Homeopathic medicines for adverse effects of cancer treatments. Cochrane Database System Rev. 2009 Apr 15;(2):CD004845. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004845.pub2. PMID 19370613
15. Go↑ Ramos A, Edreira A, Vizoso A, Betancourt J, López M, Décalo M. Genotoxicity of an extract of Calendula officinalis L. J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 May;61(1):49-55. PMID 9687081
16. Go↑ National Toxicology Program (NTP). Final report on the safety assessment of Calendula officinalis extract and Calendula officinalis. Int J Toxicol. 2001;20 Suppl 2:13-20. PMID 11558637

• Basch E, Bent S, Foppa I, Haskmi S, Kroll D, Mele M, Szapary P, Ulbricht C, Vora M, Yong S; Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.): an evidence-based systematic review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Herb Pharmacother. 2006;6(3-4):135-59. PMID 17317655

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep tightly closed, away from the reach of Children and pets.

Do not exceed the daily dose.

This product is not intended to prevent or cure any form of illness or disease.
 

If you are pregnant or nursing ; If you have a medical condition or are in the course of medical treatment ; If you are programmed for theater/operation in the near future, please consult your healthcare practitioner before using this product.

This product cannot replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

This product has not been evaluated by the SAHPRA for its quality, safety or intended use.