May help you with

• diuretic
• antioxidant
• sedative
• expectorant
• rheumatism
• atopic dermatitis
• impetigo
• acne
• eczema

Source : http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Pansy

Reference on http://www.wikiphyto.org

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plant name

Wild pansy, tricolor violet , heartsease , wild pansy (English)

International Latin denomination

Viola tricolor L. ssp vulgaris and arvensis , Viola arvensis Murray

botanical family

Violaceae

Description and habitat

• Annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plant with oval and lobed leaves, flowers in variegated colors of purple, yellow and white
• Native to Europe, North Africa and temperate regions of Asia, acclimatized in America
• Harvest in summer

History and tradition

• It was once said to be good for epilepsy and lung disease

Parts used

• Flowering aerial parts

Dosage forms available

• Mother tincture of Viola tricolor and Viola odorata whole plant
• wild pansy EPS

Usual dosages

• 10g per 300ml

Composition

Main components of the plant

• Mucilages (env. 10 %) composés de glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose
• Phenolic acids  : salicylic acid 0.06 to 0.3%, violutoside and others
• Flavonoids ( hyperoside min. 0.2%), rutoside ( rutin ), violanthine ( 6-C-glucosyl-8-C-rhamnosyl apigenin ) [1]
• O-glycosides , C-glycosides ( vitexin and isovitexin )
• Saponosides
• Coumarins , carotenoids [2]
• Cyclotides (cyclic proteins) [3] , [4]

Main components of buds or young shoots

Main components of essential oil

• Aliphatic compounds ( 1-dodecanol , pentadeca-5,10-dien-1-ol , 1-octadecene ) or shikimic acid derivatives ( 2-pentyl-furan , α-ionone ) [5]

Properties

Plant properties

• Adjuvant in dermatology, anti-inflammatory [6] , decreases pain and inflammation induced by UV-B burn [7]
• Activity in an experimental model of eczema in rats
• Antimicrobial [8] , antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antihypertensive, antidyslipidemic, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, anthelmintic, antiasthmatic [9] , antioxidant, anticancer, anti-HIV [10]
• Chloruric diuretic
• "Depurative", "purifying"
• Anti-oxidant ( flavonoids , rutin ) [11] , [12] , [13]
• Sedative and sleep inducer [14] , [15]
• Expectorant
• Cyclotides are immunosuppressive [ 16] , [17] , cytotoxic [18] , the aqueous extract inhibits the proliferation of activated lymphocytes [19]
• Inducer of apoptosis in certain cancer cells in vitro, inhibitor of angiogenesis [20]
• Viola odorata harbors an endophyte community (microbes residing in healthy plant tissues) with potent lipase inhibitory activity and can potentially treat obesity [21]

Bud properties

Properties of essential oil

Indications

Indications of the whole plant (phytotherapy)

• Eczema [22] , [23] , impetigo, acne [24] , pruritus, atopic dermatitis [25] , but clinical studies are lacking [26]
• Inflammation of the respiratory tract, whooping cough, bronchitis, pharyngeal inflammation, febrile colds, improves anxiety associated with asthma in a mouse model [27]
• Stimulation of elimination functions (depurative)
• Rheumatism, gout, arterioclerosis
• In lotion against itching
  • Homeopathic indications: eczema, impetigo

Indications of the bud (gemmotherapy)

Specific indications of essential oil (aromatherapy)

Known or suspected mode of action

• The mucilages dissolve more or less and swell on contact with water to form gels or colloidal solutions

Usual formulations

• Infusion with 1.5 g of the drug for one cup, three times a day
• Infusion, en applications locales

Regulations

• French Pharmacopoeia list A (flower, flowering aerial part)
• Activity recognized by the German Commission E

Possible side effects and precautions for use

Bibliographic references

1. Go↑ Vukics V, Toth BH, Ringer T, Ludanyi K, Kery A, Bonn GK, Guttman A. Quantitative and qualitative investigation of the main flavonoids in heartsease (Viola tricolor L.). J Chromatogr Sci. 2008 Feb;46(2):97-101. PMID 18366866
2. Go↑ Toiu, Anca & Vlase, Laurian & Oniga, Ilioara & Tamas, M. (2008). HPLC analysis of salicylic acid derivatives from Viola species. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 44. 357-358. 10.1007/s10600-008-9060-9.
3. Go↑ Tang J, Wang CK, Pan X, Yan H, Zeng G, Xu W, He W, Daly NL, Craik DJ, Tan N. Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor. Peptides. 2010 Aug;31(8):1434-40. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.05.004. PMID 20580652
4. Go↑ Svangård E, Göransson U, Hocaoglu Z, Gullbo J, Larsson R, Claeson P, Bohlin L. Cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor. J Nat Prod. 2004 Feb; 67 (2): 144-7. PMID 14987049
5. Go↑ Anca Toiu, Verite Philippe, Ilioara Oniga, Tamas Mircea. (2009). Composition of Essential Oils of Viola tricolor and V. arvensis from Romania. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 45. 91-92. 10.1007/s10600-009-9244-y. texte intégral
6. Go↑ Toiu A, Pârvu AE, Oniga I, Tămaş M. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of alcoholic extract from Viola tricolor. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2007 Apr-Jun; 111 (2): 525-9. PMID 17983197
7. Go↑ Piana M, Silva MA, Trevisan G, de Brum TF, Silva CR, Boligon AA, Oliveira SM, Zadra M, Hoffmeister C, Rossato MF, Tonello R, Laporta LV, de Freitas RB, Belke BV, Jesus Rda S, Ferreira J, Athayde ML. Antiinflammatory effects of Viola tricolor gel in a model of sunburn in rats and the gel stability study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Nov 25;150(2):458-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.040. PMID 24008111
8. Go↑ Witkowska-Banaszczak E, Bylka W, Matławska I, Goślka O, Muszyński Z. Antimicrobial activity of Viola tricolor herb. Phytotherapy. 2005 Jul; 76 (5): 458-61. PMID 15893888
9. Go↑ Harati, E., Bahrami, M., Razavi, A., Kamalinejad, M., Mohammadian, M., Rastegar, T., & Sadeghipour, H. R. (2018). Effects of viola tricolor flower hydroethanolic extract on lung inflammation in a mouse model of chronic asthma. Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, 17(5), 409-417.
10. Go↑ Naveed Muhammad, Muhammad Saeed, Abdul Aleem Awan, Haroon Khan. Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of genus Viola. Phytopharmacology 2012, 3(1) 214-226 texte intégral
11. Go↑ Vukics V, Kery A, Bonn GK, Guttman A. Major flavonoid components of heartsease (Viola tricolor L.) and their antioxidant activities. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2008 Apr;390(7):1917-25. doi: 10.1007/s00216-008-1885-3. PMID 18259733
12. Go↑ Piana M, Zadra M, de Brum TF, Boligon AA, Gonçalves AF, da Cruz RC, de Freitas RB, do Canto GS, Athayde ML. Analysis of rutin in the extract and gel of Viola tricolor. J Chromatogr Sci. 2013 May-Jun;51(5):406-11. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bms155. PMID 23035206
13. Go↑ Koike A, Barreira JC, Barros L, Santos-Buelga C, Villavicencio AL, Ferreira IC. Edible flowers of Viola tricolor L. as a new functional food: antioxidant activity, individual phenolics and effects of gamma and electron-beam irradiation. Food Chem. 2015 Jul 15;179:6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.123. PMID 25722133
14. Go↑ Ghorbani, Ahmad. (2012). Effect of Viola tricolor on pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 6. 2503-2509. 10.5897/AJPP12.721.
15. Go↑ Feyzabadi Z, Jafari F, Kamali SH, Ashayeri H, Badiee Aval S, Esfahani MM, Sadeghpour O. Efficacy of Viola odorata in Treatment of Chronic Insomnia. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014 Dec 14;16(12):e17511. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.17511. eCollection 2014 Dec. PMID 25763239
16. Go↑ Roland Hellinger, Johannes Koehbach, Halyna Fedchuk, Barbara Sauer, Roman Huber, Christian W. Gruber, Carsten Gründemanna. Immunosuppressive activity of an aqueous Viola tricolor herbal extract. J Ethnopharmacol. Jan 10, 2014; 151(1): 299–306. Published online Nov 8, 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.044 PMCID: PMC3918579 texte intégral
17. Go↑ Gründemann C, Thell K, Lengen K, Garcia-Käufer M, Huang YH, Huber R, Craik DJ, Schabbauer G, Gruber CW. Cyclotides Suppress Human T-Lymphocyte Proliferation by an Interleukin 2-Dependent Mechanism. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 26;8(6):e68016. Print 2013. PMID 23840803 texte intégral
18. Go↑ Svangård E, Göransson U, Hocaoglu Z, Gullbo J, Larsson R, Claeson P, Bohlin L. Cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor. J Nat Prod. 2004 Feb; 67 (2): 144-7. PMID 14987049
19. Go↑ Hellinger R, Koehbach J, Fedchuk H, Sauer B, Huber R, Gruber CW, Gründemann C. Immunosuppressive activity of an aqueous Viola tricolor herbal extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;151(1):299-306. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.044. PMID 24216163
20. Go↑ Sadeghnia HR, Ghorbani Hesari T, Mortazavian SM, Mousavi SH, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Ghorbani A. Viola tricolor induces apoptosis in cancer cells and exhibits antiangiogenic activity on chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:625792. doi: 10.1155/2014/625792. PMID 25243166
21. Go↑ Katoch M, Paul A, Singh G, Sridhar SNC. Fungal endophytes associated with Viola odorata Linn. as bioresource for pancreatic lipase inhibitors. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Aug 3;17(1):385. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1893-y. PMID 28774309
22. Go↑ Bone, K. (2003). Phytotherapy for atopic dermatitis (eczema).(Phytotherapy Review & Commentary). Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients, (238), 41-45.
23. Go↑ Barkat, Ali & Khan, Barkat & Menaa, Farid & Reich, Adam & Caldeira, Eduardo & Bakhsh, Sattar. (2016). Potential phytotherapy of atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, vitiligo. Indian journal of traditional knowledge. 15. 531-537. texte intégral
24. Go↑ Dodov, M. G., & Kulevanova, S. (2009). A review of phytotherapy of acne vulgaris. Maced. pharm. Bull, 55(12), 3-22.
25. Go↑ Klovekorn W, Tepe A, Danesch U. A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, half-side comparison with a herbal ointment containing Mahonia aquifolium, viola tricolor and Centella asiatica for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2007, vol. 45, no11, pp. 583-591
26. Go↑ Thandar Y, Gray A, Botha J, Mosam A. Topical herbal medicines for atopic eczema: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Feb;176(2):330-343. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14840. PMID 27373699
27. Go↑ Elham Harati, Sahar Raoofi Mohseni, Sulail Fatima Rajani, Hamid Reza Sadeghipour. The effect of Viola tricolor L. flower hydro-alcoholic extract on anxiety-like be- havior in a mouse model of chronic asthma. 2018;16(2):263-269. World Family Medicine. DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2018.93268

• Schöpke T, Hasan Agha MI, Kraft R, Otto A, Hiller K. Hemolytically active components from Viola tricolor L. and Viola arvensis Murray. Sci Pharm 1993; 61:145-153

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep tightly closed, away from the reach of Children and pets.

Do not exceed the daily dose.

This product is not intended to prevent or cure any form of illness or disease.
 

If you are pregnant or nursing ; If you have a medical condition or are in the course of medical treatment ; If you are programmed for theater/operation in the near future, please consult your healthcare practitioner before using this product.

This product cannot replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

This product has not been evaluated by the SAHPRA for its quality, safety or intended use.

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