May help with

• Flatulences
• Indigestion
• Colitis
• Tonic & general stimulant
• Aphrodisiac
• Immune stimulant

Source : http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Savoury Winter Mountain

Reference on http://www.wikiphyto.org

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plant name

1. Mountain savory
2. Savory , Garden savory , Perennial savory
3.  

International Latin denomination

1. Satureja montana L.
2. Satureja hortensis L.

botanical family

Lamiaceae

Description and habitat

• Subshrub of southern Europe (western Balkans) and North Africa
• Many branches bearing opposite leaves, ciliate on the edges, lanceolate
• White or pink-spotted flowers in long clusters
• Cultivated in France, hills and low limestone mountains

History and tradition

• Already used by Dioscorides and Galen as a “hot and dry” plant
• Satureja hortensis L., Garden Savory contains carvacrol 20 - 85%, gamma-terpinene 10 - 40%, para-cymene

Parts used

• Flowering tops, flowering plant essential oil

Dosage forms available

• Essential oil
• Mother tincture of Satureja montana and Satureja hortensis whole plant

Usual dosages

Composition

Main components of the plant

• Rosmarinic acid , flavonoids ( luteolin C-glycosides , apigenin ), triterpenes ( oleanolic acid and ursolic acid )
• Essential oil > 0.7% rich in thymol and carvacrol , gamma-terpinene and paracymene

Main components of buds or young shoots

Main components of essential oil

• Monoterpene phenols : carvacrol 35 to 45%, thymol 5 to 20%, carvacrol methyl ether 7%, thymol methyl ether
• Monoterpenes  : 10% paracymene , 10% gamma-terpinene and alpha-terpinene , alpha-thuyene , myrcene
• Monoterpene alcohols  : thuyanol-4 , alpha-terpineol , borneol
• Sesquiterpenes  : beta-caryophyllene , ledene , beta-bisabolene
• Methyl eugenol (traces)

Properties

Plant properties

• Symptomatic treatment of digestive disorders
• Powerfully anti-infectious essential oil : anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, tropism especially intestinal and urinary tract
• Interesting adrenocortical tonic in the fatigue of repeated infections
• Digestive candidiasis ++
• Thymol and carvacrol are bacteriostatic and bactericidal especially in ethanolic or stabilizing solution such as agar or carrageenans

Bud properties

Properties of essential oil

• Antibacterial [1] , with broad spectrum of action [2] , [3] (among others, Bacillus subtilis , Enterococcus fecalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella enteritidis , Streptococcus pyogenes ), antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, anticolibacillary [4] , [ 5] , [6] , mainly thanks to carvacrol [7] , [8]
  • Inhibits the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli O157:H7 , Salmonella typhimurium , Staphylococcus aureus , Listeria monocytogenes [9] , [10] , [11] , Clostridium perfringens [12] and can be used as such in food preservation
  • Anti-infective against Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram-negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) bacteria resistant to antibiotics and responsible for nosocomial diseases [13]
• Antifungal [14] , [15]
• Immune stimulant
• Antioxidant [16] , [17]
• Low dose percutaneous analgesic, vulnerary
• Tonic and general stimulant, sexual stimulant
• Mildly antidepressant
• Stimulates digestive secretions
• Antispasmodic, antidiarrheal, inhibits isolated ileal contractions induced by KCl and acetylcholine [18]

Indications

Indications of the whole plant (phytotherapy)

• Flatulences
• Indigestions
• Colitis
• Asthenia

Indications of the bud (gemmotherapy)

Specific indications of essential oil (aromatherapy)

• Viral or bacterial lung infections
• Urinary infections ( Escherichia coli ++)
• Bacterial, fungal and parasitic intestinal infections (amoebiasis, dysentery, enteritis, candidiasis)
• infectious diarrhea
• Cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis
• Arthritis, polyarthritis, rheumatism
• Hypotension, physical and sexual asthenia, premature ejaculation [19]
• asthenic depressive states

Known or suspected mode of action

• Thymol and carvacrol are bacteriostatic and bactericidal against Escherichia coli
• Bactericidal action by solubilizing effect of the plasma membrane

Usual formulations

Regulations

• French Pharmacopoeia list A (leaf, flowery top): Satureja montana and Satureja hortensis

Possible side effects and precautions for use

• HE not recommended for pregnant women
• Skin irritation (dermocaustic) possible from pure HE
• Possible neurotoxicity due to the inconstant presence of methyl eugenol

Bibliographic references

1. Go↑ Dilek Azaz, Fatih Demirci, Fatih Satıl, Mine Kürkc ̧üog ̆lu, Kemal Hüsnü Can Baser. Antimicrobial Activity of Some Satureja Essential Oils. Z. Naturforsch. 57c, 817-821 (2002)
2. Go↑ Nada Bezi, Mirjana Sko^Ibu, Valerija Dunki. Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Satureja montana L. and Satureja cuneifolia Ten. essential oils. Acta Bot. Croat. 64 (2), 313–322, 2005
3. Go↑ Kundaković T, Stanojković T, Kolundzija B, Marković S, Sukilović B, Milenković M, Lakusić B. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Satureja montana subsp. pisidica (Lamiceae). Nat Prod Commun. 2014 Apr;9(4):569-72. PMID 24868886
4. Go↑ Güllüce M, Sökmen M, Daferera D, Ağar G, Ozkan H, Kartal N, Polissiou M, Sökmen A, Sahin F. In vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extracts of herbal parts and callus cultures of Satureja hortensis L. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jul 2;51(14):3958-65. PMID 12822930
5. Go↑ Tatjana Mihajilov-Krstev, Dragan Radnović, DušAnka Kitić, Zorica Stojanović-Radić, Bojan Zlatković. Antimicrobial activity of Satureja hortensis l. Essential oil against pathogenic microbial strains. Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade, 62 (1), 159-166, 2010, integral text: [1]
6. Go↑ Gaysinsky S, Davidson P, Bruce D, Weiss J. Growth inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes by carvacrol and eugenol encapsulated in surfactant micelles. J Food Prot. 2005. 68: 2559-2566
7. Go↑ Ultee A, Bennik M, Moezelaar R. The phenolic hydroxyl group of carvacrol is essential for action against the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002. 68 : 1561-1568[2]
8. Go↑ Ultee A, Kets W, Smid E. Mecanisms of action of carvacrol on the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999. 65 : 4606-4610
9. Go↑ Mounia Oussalah, Stéphane Caillet, Linda Saucier, Monique Lacroix. Inhibitory effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria: E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control, Volume 18, Issue 5, May 2007, Pages 414-420 [3]
10. Go↑ Carramiñana JJ, Rota C, Burillo J, Herrera A. Antibacterial efficiency of Spanish Satureja montana essential oil against Listeria monocytogenes among natural flora in minced pork. J Food Prot. 2008 Mar;71(3):502-8. PMID 18389692
11. Go↑ Djenane Djamel, Yangüela Javier, Montanes Luis, Djerbal Mouloud, Roncales Pedro. Antimicrobial activity of Pistacia lentiscus and Satureja montana essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes CECT 935 using laboratory media: Efficacy and synergistic potential in minced beef. Food control, 2011, vol. 22, no7, pp. 1046-1053, texte intégral : [4]
12. Go↑ de Oliveira TL, de Araújo Soares R, Ramos EM, das Graças Cardoso M, Alves E, Piccoli RH. Antimicrobial activity of Satureja montana L. essential oil against Clostridium perfringens type A inoculated in mortadella-type sausages formulated with different levels of sodium nitrite. Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Jan 5;144(3):546-55. PMID 21131083
13. Go↑ V.-G. from Billerbeck. Essential oils and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Essential oils and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Phytotherapy, Volume 5, Number 5, 249-253
14. Go↑ M. Ciani, L. Menghini, F. Mariani, R. Pagiotti, A. Menghini, F. Fatichenti. Antimicrobial properties of essential oil of Satureja montana L. on pathogenic and spoilage yeasts. BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Volume 22, Number 12, 1007-1010
15. Go↑ Adiguzel A., Ozer H., Kilic H., Cetin B. (2007): Screening of antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extract of Satureja hortensis on foodborne bacteria and fungi. Czech J. Food Sci., 25: 81–89. texte intégral : [5]
16. Go↑ Radonic A, Milos M. Chemical composition and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant effect of free volatile compounds from Satureja montana L. Free Radic Res. 2003 Jun;37(6):673-9. PMID 12868494
17. Go↑ Serrano C, Matos O, Teixeira B, Ramos C, Neng N, Nogueira J, Nunes ML, Marques A. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Satureja montana L. extracts. J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Jul;91(9):1554-60. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4347. PMID 21445865
18. Go↑ Hajhashemi V, Sadraei H, Ghannadi AR, Mohseni M. Antispasmodic and anti-diarrhoeal effect of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Jul;71(1-2):187-92. PMID 10904162
19. Go↑ Zavatti M, Zanoli P, Benelli A, Rivasi M, Baraldi C, Baraldi M. Experimental study on Satureja montana as a treatment for premature ejaculation. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jan 27;133(2):629-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.058. PMID 21040774

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light. Keep tightly closed, away from the reach of Children and pets.

Do not exceed the daily dose.

This product is not intended to prevent or cure any form of illness or disease.
 

If you are pregnant or nursing ; If you have a medical condition or are in the course of medical treatment ; If you are programmed for theater/operation in the near future, please consult your healthcare practitioner before using this product.

This product cannot replace a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

This product has not been evaluated by the SAHPRA for its quality, safety or intended use.

For More Information please check our General Safety Herbal products Page